The Namibia-Zambia border, despite its strategic importance and recent efforts to enhance trade, continues to be plagued by rampant smuggling activities. This illicit trade, driven by high border taxes and limited economic opportunities, is not only impacting government revenue but also posing serious public health concerns.
A street vendor, who spoke on condition of anonymity, epitomizes the plight of many. Struggling to make ends meet, she resorted to smuggling tomatoes and onions across the border, citing exorbitant taxes at the official crossing points. “As a street vendor selling a pack of tomatoes and onions for N$10, I simply cannot afford the high border charges,” she lamented.
This is not an isolated case. Smuggling extends beyond agricultural produce, encompassing a wide range of goods, including sweet potatoes, peanuts, beans, maize, eggs, and even non-food items. The illicit trade has become deeply entrenched, with involvement from both small-scale vendors and even prominent local businessmen, according to Regional Police Commissioner Andreas Shilelo.
Despite intensified efforts by law enforcement agencies, including increased patrols and collaborative efforts with Zambian authorities, smuggling persists. The Namibia Revenue Agency (Namra) reported a significant increase in revenue losses due to smuggling, highlighting the gravity of the situation.
The impact of this illicit trade extends beyond financial losses. The influx of smuggled goods, often of unknown origin and potentially contaminated, disrupts local markets and poses serious health risks to consumers.
“Smuggled produce often lacks proper quality control and may contain harmful chemicals,” warns Castrow Muunda of the Zambezi Horticulture Producers Association. “This not only undermines the livelihoods of local farmers but also jeopardizes public health.”
The border also witnesses a significant flow of people, with many Zambians seeking employment opportunities in Namibia. While this provides a source of cheap labor, it also raises concerns about unregulated immigration and potential social and economic impacts.
The challenge of curbing smuggling requires a multi-pronged approach. This includes strengthening border controls, enhancing trade facilitation measures to reduce the cost of legitimate trade, and creating alternative livelihood opportunities for border communities. Addressing the underlying socio-economic factors that drive smuggling is crucial for long-term success in combating this illicit activity.
